Stanley Pons (born 1943) is a French electrochemist known for his work with Martin Fleischmann Martin Fleischmann is a British chemist noted for his work in electrochemistry. He came to wider public prominence following his controversial publication of work with colleague Stanley Pons on cold fusion using palladium in the 1980s and '90s on cold fusion Cold fusion refers to nuclear fusion of atoms at conditions close to room temperature, in contrast to the conditions of well-understood fusion reactions such as those inside stars and high energy experiments. Interest in the field increased dramatically after nuclear fusion was reported in a tabletop experiment involving electrolysis of heavy in the 1980s and '90s.

Contents

Background

Pons was born in Valdese, North Carolina. He met Martin Fleischmann while Pons was a graduate student in Professor Alan Bewick's group at the University of Southampton The University of Southampton is a British public university located in the city of Southampton, England. The origins of the university can be dated back to the founding of the Hartley Institution in 1862 by Henry Robertson Hartley. In 1902 the Institution developed into the Hartley University College, with degrees awarded by the University of where he earned his PhD Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated PhD or DPhil, for the Latin philosophiæ doctor, meaning "teacher in philosophy", is an advanced academic degree awarded by universities. In many English-speaking countries, the PhD is the highest degree one can earn and applies to graduates in a wide array of disciplines in the physical sciences, social degree in 1978.

Cold fusion

On March 23, 1989, while Pons was the chairman of the chemistry department at the University of Utah The University of Utah, also known as the U or the U of U, is a public, coeducational research university in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The university was established in 1850 as the University of Deseret by the General Assembly of the provisional State of Deseret, making it Utah's oldest institution of higher education. It received its,[3] he and Fleischmann announced the experimental production of "N-Fusion" which was quickly labeled by the press as cold fusion Cold fusion refers to nuclear fusion of atoms at conditions close to room temperature, in contrast to the conditions of well-understood fusion reactions such as those inside stars and high energy experiments. Interest in the field increased dramatically after nuclear fusion was reported in a tabletop experiment involving electrolysis of heavy[4] — a result previously thought to be unattainable. After a short period of public acclaim, hundreds of scientists attempted to reproduce the effects but generally failed.[5]

Those that failed to reproduce the claim attacked the pair for fraudulent,[6] sloppy[7][8] and unethical work,[5] incomplete, unreproducible, and inaccurate results,[7][1] and erroneous interpretations.[9] Fleischmann and Pons remain convinced the effect is real,[citation needed] but many skeptics and scientists are not.

Later work

Pons moved to France in 1992, along with Fleischmann, to work at a Toyota Toyota Motor Corporation , commonly known simply as Toyota and abbreviated as TMC, is a multinational corporation headquartered in Japan. In 2009, Toyota Motor Corporation employed 71,116 people worldwide (total Toyota 320,808). TMC is the world's largest automobile maker by sales and production-sponsored laboratory. The laboratory closed in 1998 after a ₤ The pound sterling , commonly called the pound, is the official currency of the United Kingdom, its Crown dependencies (the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands) and the British Overseas Territories of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, British Antarctic Territory and Tristan da Cunha. It is subdivided into 100 pence (singular: penny)12 million research investment with no results.[2] He has given up his US citizenship[10], and he is reported to have become a French citizen.[11] and to still be living in the south of France.

References

  1. ^ a b Taubes, Gary (1993). Bad science: the short life and weird times of cold fusion. New York: Random House. pp. 6. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 0-394-58456-2.
  2. ^ a b Voss, D (1999-03-01). "What Ever Happened to Cold Fusion". Physics World. http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/print/1258. Retrieved 2008-05-01.
  3. ^ William J. Broad (1989-05-09). "Brilliance and Recklessness Seen in Fusion Collaboration". The New York Times The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded and continuously published in New York City since 1851. Although it remains both the largest local metropolitan newspaper in the United States as well as third largest overall behind The Wall Street Journal and USA Today, the weekday circulation of the paper has fallen precipitously in. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE4DA163CF93AA35756C0A96F948260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all.
  4. ^ Fleischmann, M Martin Fleischmann is a British chemist noted for his work in electrochemistry. He came to wider public prominence following his controversial publication of work with colleague Stanley Pons on cold fusion using palladium in the 1980s and '90s; Pons S & Hawkins M (1989). "Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium". J. Electroanal. Chem. 261: 301. doi A digital object identifier is a character string used to uniquely identify an electronic document or other object. Metadata about the object is stored in association with the DOI name and this metadata may include a location, such as a URL, where the object can be found. The DOI for a document is permanent, whereas its location and other metadata:10.1016/0022-0728(89)80006-3.
  5. ^ a b Adil E. Shamoo, David B. Resnik (2003). Oxford University Press Oxford University Press is the largest university press in the world. It is a department of the University of Oxford and is governed by a group of 15 academics appointed by the Vice-Chancellor known as the Delegates of the Press. They are headed by the Secretary to the Delegates, who serves as OUP's chief executive and as its major representative US. ed. Responsible Conduct of Research (2, illustrated ed.). p. 76, 97. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 0195148460.
  6. ^ Henry Krips, J. E. McGuire, Trevor Melia (1995). University of Pittsburgh Press. ed. Science, Reason, and Rhetoric (illustrated ed.). pp. xvi. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 0822939126.
  7. ^ a b Bart Simon (2002). Rutgers University Press Rutgers University Press is a nonprofit academic publishing house, operating in Piscataway, New Jersey under the auspices of Rutgers University. ed. Undead Science: Science Studies and the Afterlife of Cold Fusion (illustrated ed.). p. 119. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 0813531543.
  8. ^ Michael B. Schiffer, Kacy L. Hollenback, Carrie L. Bell (2003). University of California Press University of California Press, also known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing. It was founded in 1893 to publish books and papers for the faculty of the University of California, established 25 years earlier in 1868. Its headquarters are located in Berkeley,. ed. Draw the Lightning Down: Benjamin Franklin and Electrical Technology in the Age of Enlightenment (illustrated ed.). pp. 207. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 0520238028.
  9. ^ Thomas F. Gieryn (1999). University of Chicago Press The University of Chicago Press is the largest university press in the United States. It is operated by the University of Chicago and publishes a wide variety of academic titles, including The Chicago Manual of Style, dozens of academic journals, including Critical Inquiry, and a wide array of advanced monographs in the academic fields. ed. Cultural Boundaries of Science: Credibility on the Line (illustrated ed.). pp. http://books.google.com/books?id=GljD3CHbDx0C&pg=PA204 204]. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 0226292622.
  10. ^ Weinberger, Sharon (2004-11-21). "Warming Up to Cold Fusion". Washington Post The Washington Post is Washington, D.C.'s largest newspaper and its oldest, founded in 1877. Located in the capital of the United States, The Post has a particular emphasis on national politics. D.C., Maryland, and Virginia editions are printed for daily circulation: W22. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A54964-2004Nov16.html. (page 2 of online version)
  11. ^ Platt, Charles (1998), "What if Cold Fusion is Real?", Wired Magazine Wired is a full-color monthly American magazine and on-line periodical, published since March 1993, that reports on how technology affects culture, the economy, and politics. Owned by Condé Nast Publications, it is published in San Francisco, California (6.11), http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/6.11/coldfusion.html?pg=1&topic=&topic_set=, retrieved 2008-05-25

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